环境经济学随堂测试五-调查问卷模板-问卷网

What is the difference between static efficiency and dynamic efficiency?

Dynamic efficiency is useful for environmental policymaking while static efficiency is not.

Static efficiency is useful for environmental policymaking while dynamic efficiency is not.

Dynamic efficiency allows us to evaluate resource allocations across time periods while static efficiency looks at resource allocation where time is not important.

Static efficiency and dynamic efficiency are two names for the same thing.

Dynamic efficiency balances _________________.

population problems

past uses of depletable resources

present and future uses of a depletable resource

economic and environmental policy problems

If the supply of a depletable resource is insufficient to cover demand in two time periods, how will the resource be allocated efficiently?

The allocation between the two periods would minimize the present value of the net cost incurred in the two time periods.

The allocation between the two periods would maximize the present value of the net benefit received in the two time periods.

The second (future) period would always get a higher allocation.

The first (present) period would always get a higher allocation.

Which of the following would NOT lead to an efficient allocation between two time periods?

Try all combinations of allocations between the two periods and choose the one that maximizes net benefit between the two periods.

Maximize the present value of the marginal net benefit from the last unit in Period 1 equaling the marginal net benefit in Period 2.

Maximize the present value of the net benefit received in the two time periods.

Maximize the net benefit in Period 1 and allocate the remaining resources to Period 2.

Which of the following is true?

The opportunity cost of intertemporal scarcity is called marginal user cost.

When resources are scarce, greater current use creates future opportunities.

Intertemporal scarcity can be disregarded when determining dynamic efficiency.

The opportunity cost of intertemporal scarcity is called user cost.

The sustainability criterion __________________.

means that current generations may not under any circumstance use resources that would therefore be denied to future generations

suggests that, at a minimum, future generations should be left no worse off than current generations

is not related to the concept of scarcity.

is the approach that makes present and future generations agree upon resource allocation

Does a dynamically efficient allocation lead to a Rawlsian-type fair allocation of depletable resources?

Yes, but only if the present generation is willing to save some of the net benefits from the extracted resources for use by future generations.

Dynamic efficiency means there will be a fair allocation.

No, dynamic efficiency will never satisfy the sustainability criterion.

Yes, at all times.

Which of the following does NOT come from the "Hartwick Rule"?

It is possible to judge the sustainability of an allocation by examining whether or not the value of the total capital stock is declining.

A specific degree of sharing between generations would be necessary to produce a sustainable outcome.

A sustainable allocation occurs when the value of the total capital stock is declining.

A constant level of consumption could be maintained perpetually from an environmental endowment if all scarcity rent were invested in capital.

The "Hartwick Rule" depends on ________________.

the substitutability of physical capital and natural capital

the goodwill of the future generation

the substitutability of different forms of physical capital

the maintenance of physical flows of certain key individual resources

Which of the following is correct?

Strong sustainability assumes that little or no substitution between physical and natural capital is possible.

Environmental sustainability means the physical flows of aggregate resources should be maintained.

Weak sustainability means the value of the remaining stock of natural capital should not decrease.

Environmental sustainability means that the resource use by previous generations should not exceed a level that would prevent subsequent generations from achieving a level of wellbeing at least as great.

环境经济学随堂测试五

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