The ilium belongs to:
Long bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone
When the proximal end is fixed, contraction of the upper trapezius can cause the scapula to:
Depress, upwardly rotate, and protract
Elevate, downwardly rotate, and retract
Elevate, upwardly rotate, and retract
Depress, downwardly rotate, and protract
Which of the following descriptions is incorrect:
The hip joint is a ball and socket joint
The elbow joint is a hinge joint
The shoulder is a pivot joint
The wrist joint is a condyloid joint
The hip bone is formed by which of the following bones:
Ilium, patella, pubis
Pubis, sacrum, coccyx
Ischium, pubis, ilium
Ilium, ischium, sacrum
What movements occur at the hip and knee joints during the descent phase of a squat:
Hip flexion, knee extension
Hip extension, knee flexion
Hip extension, knee extension
Hip flexion, knee flexion
During the descent phase of a pull-up, the biceps brachii muscle undergoes:
Concentric contraction
Eccentric contraction
Isometric contraction
Isotonic contraction
The most commonly used type of muscle contraction during rehabilitation training is:
Isometric contraction
Isotonic contraction
Eccentric contraction
Concentric contraction
Which of the following joints is a hinge joint:
Glenohumeral joint
Knee joint
Wrist joint
Hip joint
Which of the following muscle groups belongs to the torso box muscles:
Back muscles, chest muscles, diaphragm, quadriceps
Gluteal muscles, biceps femoris, chest muscles, oblique muscles
Soleus, levator scapulae, serratus posterior, latissimus dorsi
Back muscles, abdominal muscles, diaphragm, pelvic floor
During a standing dumbbell lateral raise, the arms undergo abduction. This movement occurs in which plane:
Horizontal plane
Sagittal plane
Vertical plane
Coronal plane
The major muscle responsible for stabilizing the pelvis and preventing hip twisting during hip joint movement is:
Piriformis
Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae
Gluteus maximus
Pelvic rotation occurs in which anatomical plane:
Horizontal plane
Sagittal plane
Vertical plane
Coronal plane
The most important respiratory muscle in the human body is:
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Pectoralis major
Diaphragm
The vertebrae of the thoracic spine belong to:
Long bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone
The carpal bones belong to:
Long bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone
Winged scapula is mainly caused by imbalance in the muscles stabilizing the scapula. To address this issue, one should strengthen:
Pectoralis minor, pectoralis major
Rhomboids, trapezius
Serratus anterior, levator scapulae
Rhomboids, serratus anterior
Tightness and hypertrophy of the upper trapezius muscle is caused by overuse. To improve this condition, we should:
Stretch the upper trapezius, apply medical treatment, and avoid shoulder movements as much as possible
Strengthen the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Strengthen the middle and lower trapezius
Apply heat therapy
How many ribs does the human body have:
If the distal end is fixed and only one side of the trapezius contracts, it can cause the head to:
Flex contralaterally, rotate ipsilaterally
Flex contralaterally, rotate contralaterally
Flex ipsilaterally, rotate ipsilaterally
Flex ipsilaterally, rotate contralaterally
The main function of the gluteus maximus is:
Adduction
Abduction
External rotation
Extension
In a static posture assessment, we use front, side, and back views to observe the subject. The side view is mainly used to observe:
Uneven shoulders
Scoliosis
Forward head posture
Bow leg or knee valgus
Which of the following dysfunctions can cause winged scapula:
Upper trapezius
Lower trapezius
Rhomboids
Latissimus dorsi
Which excessively tight muscle can cause a rounded shoulder posture:
Neck flexor muscles
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor
Lower trapezius
The muscle that abducts the shoulder is:
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Rhomboid
Deltoid
The muscle that rotates the head to the contralateral side is:
Levator scapulae
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalene muscles
Trapezius
How to find the neutral position of the pelvis in standing position:
Visually assess the tilt angle between the ASIS and PSIS of the pelvis
Place the palms of both hands on the ASIS, place the index finger at the pubic symphysis to form a triangle, and observe if the plane of the triangle is perpendicular to the ground
Observe if the lumbar vertebrae and sacrum are in the same plane
Observe if the thoracic vertebrae and the sacrum are in the same plane
The muscle that extends the spine is:
Rectus abdominis
Transverse abdominis
Iliocostalis
Levator ani
The muscle that depresses and rotates the scapula downward is:
Upper trapezius
Lower trapezius
Rhomboids
Serratus anterior
In gait assessment, if you hear a “foot slap” sound like dragging slippers, it indicates that which muscle group is inactive:
Biceps femoris
Quadriceps femoris
Biceps brachii
Iliopsoas
In static assessment, if the shoulders appear uneven in height from the front and positioned differently from the side, which additional test should be performed:
Shoulder impingement test
Empty can test
Straight leg raise test
Scoliosis test
Bilateral contraction of the iliopsoas muscles can cause:
Anterior pelvic tilt
Posterior pelvic tilt
Pelvic lateral tilt
Pelvic ipsilateral rotation
Bilateral contraction of the anterior fibers of the gluteus medius can cause:
Anterior pelvic tilt
Posterior pelvic tilt
Pelvic lateral tilt
Pelvic ipsilateral rotation
Which of the following exercises activates the deep abdominals most effectively:
Crunches
Running
Squats
Planks
Kegel exercises for postpartum recovery mainly train the strength of which muscle group:
Quadriceps
Adductor muscles
Hamstrings
Pelvic floor muscles
Bilateral contraction of the piriformis can cause:
Anterior pelvic tilt
Posterior pelvic tilt
Pelvic rotation
Pelvic lateral tilt
Which of the following movements should be avoided in case of a herniated disc:
Lateral flexion of the spine
Spinal flexion
Spinal extension
Anterior pelvic tilt
One of the most important components for professional athletes and dancers to strengthen is:
Static stability
Dynamic stability
Joint mobility
Ligament flexibility
The safest period for pregnant women to exercise is:
First trimester
Second trimester
Third trimester
Any time
The three major muscles responsible for hip flexion are:
Rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, iliopsoas
Iliopsoas, biceps femoris, quadriceps femoris
Quadratus lumborum, iliopsoas, rectus femoris
Rectus femoris, rectus abdominis, iliopsoas
The supine dumbbell bench press utilizes which function of the pectoralis major muscle:
Flexion and extension
External rotation and adduction
Internal rotation and extension
Flexion and adduction
How to find the neutral spine in standing position?