*2. Part 2 Reading
Passage one（每题3分，共15分）
One example of self-medication was discovered in 1987. Michael Huffman and Mohamedi Seifu, working in the Mahale Mountains National Park in Tanzania, noticed that local chimpanzees suffering from intestinal worms would dose themselves with pith of a plant called Veronia. This plant produces poisonous chemicals called terpenes. Its pith contains a strong enough concentration to kill gut parasites, but not so strong as to kill chimps(nor people, for that matter; locals use the pith for the same purpose).
Evidence for the detoxifying nature of clay came in 1999, from an experiment carried out on macaws by James Gilardi and his colleagues at the University of California, Davis, Macaws eat seeds containing alkaloids, a group of chemicals that has some notoriously toxic members such as strychnine. In the wild, the birds are frequently seen perched on eroding riverbanks eating clay.
In 1972 Richard Wrangham, a researcher at the Gombe Stream Reserve in Tanzania, noticed that chimpanzees were eating the leaves of a tree called Aspilla. The chimps chose the leaves carefully by testing them in their mouths. Having chosen a leaf, a chimp would fold it into a fan and swallow it. Some of the chimps were noticed wrinkling their noses as they swallowed these leaves, suggesting the experience was unpleasant. Later, undigested leaves were found on the forest floor.
It was Dr Huffman who got to the bottom of the problem. He did so by watching what came out of the chimps, rather than concentrating on what went in. He found that the egested leaves were full of intestinal worms. The factor common to all 19 species of leaves swallowed by the chimps was that they were covered with microscopic hooks. These caught the worms and dragged them form their lodgings.
Questions 21-25
Complete the notes below using NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR NUMBER from the following paragraphs
Write your answers in boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet.
Date Name Animal Food Mechanism
1987 Michael Huffman and Mohanmedi Seifu Chimpanzee 21______of Veronia Contained chemicals,22___, that can kill parasites
1999 James Gilardi and his colleagues Macaw Seeds(contain
23_____)and clay Clay can24____the poisonous contents in food
1972 Richard Wrang-ham Chimpanzee Leaves with tiny 25_____on surface Such leaves can catch and expel worms from intestines
Passage two（每题3分，共15分）
Sometimes ideas just pop up out of the blue. Or in Charlie Paton’s case, out of the rain. “ I was in a bus in Morocco traveling through the desert,” he remembers. “It had been raining and the bus was full of hot, wet people. The windows steamed up and I went to sleep with a towel against the glass. When I woke, the thing was soaking wet. I had to wring it out. And it set me thinking. Why was it so wet?”
The answer, of course, was condensation. Back home in London, a physicist friend, Philip Davies, explained that the glass, chilled by the rain outside, had cooled the hot humid air inside the bus below its dew point, causing droplets of water to form on the inside of the window. Intrigued, Paton-a lighting engineer by profession-started rigging up his own equipment. “I made my own solar stills. It occurred to me that you might be able to produce water in this way in the desert, simply by cooling the air. I wondered whether you could make enough to irrigate fields and grow crops.”
Today, a decade on, his dream has taken shape as giant greenhouse on a desert island off Abu Dhabi in the Persian Gulf ---the first commercially viable Version of his “seawater greenhouse”.
Questions 26-30
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
26. Paton came up with the idea of making water in desert by pure accident.
27. the bus Paton rode in had poor ventilation because of broken fans.
28. Paton woke up from sleep to discover that his towel was wet.
29. Paton started his greenhouse project immediately after meeting up with his friend.
30. Paton later opened his own business in the Persian Gulf.