2022-2023学年第一学期语言学概1测考试题

Q1:姓名

Q2:学号

:I. Blank-filling （每空1分，每空为一或多个单词）

Q3:Language is a 1 of 2 3 symbols used for 4 communication.

Q4:Language is used to talk about what happened in the past, what is happening at present, and what will happen in the future. That feature is described as______1_____.

Q5:The _______1_____function of language is fulfilled when you use language to express your feelings or attitudes.

Q6:If a linguist lays down rules and asks people to speak according to these rules, he or she is considered to be ______1________.

Q7:From a psychological point of view, linguistic 1 is the actual realization of the speaker’s knowledge.

Q8:Langue and parole is a distinction made by the Swiss linguist F.D. Saussure early this century. Langue refers to 1 and parole refers to 2 .

Q9:A 1 study is concerned with the description of a language as it changes through time.

Q10:The defining properties/design features of human languages are 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 and 6 .

Q11:______1________language refer to the language which is invented to facilitate international communication.

Q12:Language is passed on from one generation to the next by teaching and learning, rather than by instinct. This defining property of language is called 1 .

Q13:In Hallidy’s view, language has three metafunctions, namely, 1 , 2 and 3 .

Q14:The fact that we have alliteration and assonance in poems is probably because of the 1 function of language .

:II. Choose the best answer.（每题3分）

Q15:Language is ____________.

Q16:A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as _______.

Q17:Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary?

Q18:The function of the sentence “ Water boils at 100 degree centigrade” is _____________.

Q19:In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the hose or the people present are likely to say sui sui ping an (every year be safe and happy) as a means of controlling the forces which the believers feel might affect their lives. Which functions does it perform?

Q20:When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or someone that exists here and now. It couldn’t be sorrowful for some lost bone or a bone to be lost. This indicates that a dog’s bark does not have the feature of _____.

Q21:According to Jakobson’s classification of the functions of language, metalingual corresonds to the communication element of ______.

Q22:All language users can be the producer and receiver of messages. This feature of language is called______.

Q23:_______is concerned with the internal structure of words.

Q24:When people use language to indulge in itself for its own sake, people are using the _____function of language.

:III. True or false questions（每题3-4分）

Q25:Psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and anthropological linguistics are the branches of macrolinguistics

Q26:Language can be used to talk about language itself. This is the metalingual function of language.

Q27:Non-arbitrary words make up a large number of percentage of the vocabulary of a language.

Q28:Microlinguistics is of interdisciplinary nature.

Q29:The sentence “He nice to me” is considered ungrammatical in descriptive linguistics.

Q30:Animal communication systems can be used to refer to things that are present or not present.

Q31:According to Jakobson, the phatic function of language corresponds to the communication element of addressee.

Q32:A rose by any other name would smell as sweet. This statement indicates the feature of duality of language.

Q33:The typological classification of language can be conducted at phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic level.

Q34:Both Chinese and Esperanto belong to natural language.

Q35:Speech is derivative of writing.

Q36:Competence refers to the actual use of language in concrete situations.

Q37:langue differs from parole in that the former is concrete, unstable and the latter is abstract and stable.

Q38:A study of the features of the English used in Shakespeare’s time is an example of the diachronic study of language.

Q39:Language is instrumental, social and conventional.